• By 2030, Deloitte predicted, 1 million skilled workers will be needed to power the semiconductor industry.
• Experts in the sector suggest looking to untapped talent pools and investing in training.
• This article is part of "How AI Is Changing Everything: Supply Chain," a series on innovations in logistics.

For years — since the first "Terminator" movie, really — employees have worried about artificial intelligence replacing them in the workplace.

Though AI implementation could lead to fewer jobs in certain industries, the power-semiconductor and data-center sectors — which manufacture and supply technologies like microchips, integrated circuits, and server farms — are bracing for a different reality: AI could create more jobs than it eliminates.

The reason is simple: demand. Since the semiconductor industry requires highly specialized labor and precision to build microchips and integrated circuits accurately, even the most powerful machines will require humans to ensure they're built and running properly.

As more technology companies embrace AI-powered technologies, the need for skilled engineers and technicians is expected to increase dramatically. In a recent report, Deloitte predicted that by 2030, more than 1 million additional skilled workers would be necessary to meet service demands in the semiconductor industry alone.

Industry experts told Business Insider that this would create opportunities for companies to hire a phalanx of talent focused on programming, quality assurance, and troubleshooting glitches.

Experts said it's also a reason for semiconductor companies to engage in upskilling, or the process of training employees to effectively use AI tools in their roles. This enables them to become more adaptable in the face of AI-driven workplace changes.

For companies to seize these hiring and upskilling opportunities, they must recognize the challenges associated with staffing for such a niche need, Larry Smith, a retired chair of the board of directors at Tokyo Electron, told BI.

Smith and John Akkara, the CEO of the IT staffing company Smoothstack, shared their top strategies for growing and preparing the data-center and semiconductor workforce to best leverage AI.

Cultivate the right skill sets

Even with AI and automation becoming more prevalent in semiconductor and data-center operations, humans are still important to their creation and functioning.

In a recent blog post, Michael Isberto of Colocation America, an on-demand IT infrastructure provider, wrote that humans have key roles in designing and maintaining data centers. And after one is built, technicians are needed to manage and troubleshoot the systems that store, process, and distribute sensitive data.

Smith has more than 35 years of experience in the microchip industry. He said it's important for companies to cultivate the right skill sets to assist with in-house needs like systems management and hardware repair.

"These are the tools of the future — especially when you're talking about AI," said Smith, who served as vice president, president, and chair of the board at Tokyo Electron over the course of 21 years. "Naturally, you want a group of humans who have the skills to rise to the occasion and execute."

Prepare to scale

Sometimes, a data center or semiconductor fabrication facility may need to double or triple its capacity in a matter of weeks. This means that the machines running AI systems need to work faster, longer, and harder and that companies must be ready to scale their human workforces to service these machines.

One organization that enables quick scaling is Uptime Crew, a new subsidiary of Smoothstack.

The company makes talent training plans customized for its clients' needs, Akkara said. The plans are typically designed to get workers hired, trained, and deployed to a job for one of its clients within 10 to 12 weeks.

"The whole idea is that our teams mobilize quickly," Akkara said. "Especially with AI, in the current climate, you need to move fast and be able to work with all the technologies on the market."

The company is nascent and just getting its system off the ground, but it plans to work like this: A semiconductor company wants to expand its AI operations, then goes to Uptime Crew to find and hire specifically skilled workers, like data-center technicians, to get the job done. On the first day of the job, these workers would arrive trained and ready to go.

Consider untapped talent pools

Smith said that with upskilling, companies may find some of the best employees for particular jobs among the retired.

Take the microchip industry. Smith said that the vast majority of semiconductor and robotics operations are run by people who previously worked as military equipment maintenance or field technicians.

Here, the upskilling was seamless: Thanks to their experience troubleshooting problems, crunching codes, and monitoring systems, the former maintenance and field techs were able to step into their new jobs without training delays.

Smith said that he'd love to see military veterans get some of the new and forthcoming AI-focused data-center jobs since these roles require workers with years of experience and highly specialized skill sets, like engineering and quality control.

"The semiconductor industry is important for national security, and those are the kinds of jobs that veterans look for," Smith said. "It seems like too good of a fit not to investigate at the very least."

The staffing company Salute Mission Critical, for example, specializes in staffing and servicing data centers and was cofounded by the veteran Lee Kirby. During a recent podcast interview, Kirby said that the company was established in part to help veterans develop careers in the data-center sector.

Invest in training

Considering the specialized nature of data-center and semiconductor jobs, investing in training is another important factor for companies to think about.

Case in point: Microsoft. This year alone, the company plans to spend $80 billion to build out AI-enabled data centers, Microsoft's vice chair and president, Brad Smith, wrote in a January blog post. At a March event, Smith said Microsoft would pay for 50,000 workers' technical certification exams — for skills related to cloud architecture, AI, and cybersecurity — as part of a training initiative for its South Africa data centers.

Akkara said that when company leaders invest in AI training, they're also investing in the future of the company and its workers.

"You're giving them specialized skills, but you're also giving them new skills that will be valuable today and down the road," Akkara said. "As AI becomes more pervasive, the need for these particular skills is only going to increase."

He added that Uptime Crew constantly evaluates workers' skills through performance reviews and supervisor observation so temporary employees stay motivated to finish their jobs. He said that if certain staffers don't work well for its clients, Uptime Crew replaces them.

In scenarios like this, Uptime Crew clients will also use the service to hire for existing open roles and educate themselves about anticipated skill set needs so that they can strategize for hiring accordingly.

"Technology needs are always changing," Akkara said. "Companies need to be ready for anything."

• Trump has signed an executive order to revive coal, partly to meet AI power demand in the US.
• It asks for coal to be labeled a "critical mineral" and directs federal agencies to identify coal resources.
• AI data centers require a lot of energy, sometimes requiring new power infrastructure.

President Donald Trump signed an executive order on Tuesday that aims to revive the US coal industry — in part to power soaring demand for AI.

The executive order "pushes for using coal to power new artificial intelligence (AI) data," per a White House announcement.

The measures would see some older coal plants, which were set to be retired, continue to produce electricity — including to power energy-intensive AI data centers across the US.

Encircled by a group of miners at the White House on Tuesday, Trump announced a plan he said "slashes unnecessary regulations that targeted beautiful, clean coal."

The executive order would label coal a "critical mineral," per the White House release. The administration also aims to "promote coal and coal technology exports, facilitate international offtake agreements for US coal, and accelerate the development of coal technology."

Powering the AI boom

A growing number of power-guzzling data centers, which are crucial for running AI services, have contributed to rising electricity demand in the US in recent years.

Elon Musk's startup xAI, for example, is planning to build a supercomputer in Memphis and has applied for a permit to construct a new electrical substation alongside it.

The International Energy Agency estimates that data centers consume 2% to 3% of the world's energy — a figure that's expected to grow in tandem with the mass adoption of AI.

Coal has been considered a stable energy source because it's fairly abundant, and its supporters say it can meet rising power demands for data centers.

As the US looks to bolster its AI ecosystem and encourage juggernauts to develop their technologies on home soil, the administration is touting coal as one way to power the AI boom.

Trump has repeatedly drawn comparisons to China — which has doubled down on its coal power plant production, as well as its renewables industry — and the economic advantages it has gained in the AI race as a result of this.

Big Tech giants such as Google, Meta, and Amazon, which are scrambling to develop ever more advanced AI models, had previously pledged to use low-carbon, renewable energy sources to build their data centers. However, much of the electricity needed for this has so far been generated by fossil fuels.

It may not be smooth sailing to revive the coal industry. Critics say that natural gas, wind, and solar are cheaper alternatives to coal — and less polluting and harmful to the environment. The US Energy Information Administration estimated in February that 93% of new electric-generating capacity set to be added to the US grid this year is expected to come from solar, wind, and batteries — which could make coal less competitive.

"Coal plants are old and dirty, uncompetitive and unreliable," said Kit Kennedy, managing director for power at the Natural Resources Defense Council, in a statement Tuesday. "The Trump administration is stuck in the past, trying to make utility customers pay more for yesterday's energy. Instead, it should be doing all it can to build the electricity grid of the future."